Although out of favour with the Soviet Communist Party, he was still sent abroad as a cultural ambassador. History Īfter the Second World War, Dmitri Shostakovich was Russia's most prominent composer. There are also several references and musical ideas taken from Shostakovich's own work or anticipating future work. In Bach's cycle, however, the pieces are arranged in parallel major/minor pairs ascending the chromatic scale (C major, C minor, C ♯ major, C ♯ minor etc.), which differs from Shostakovich's Op. On a larger scale, the whole structure, ordered and sequenced as it is with no apparent extra-musical narrative, is largely a response to Bach. Examples of this abound in Baroque keyboard literature from composers such as Johann Caspar Ferdinand Fischer, from whom Bach drew inspiration for his own figuration preludes (the C major and the D minor, for example). For example, his A minor prelude is a figuration prelude-a prelude in which the same hand position is used throughout the piece. In addition to more direct quotation, Shostakovich also at points imitates the various types of preludes found in the Bach cycle (and in other, similar, Baroque compositions).
Likewise, the composers' second fugues (A minor for Shostakovich, C minor for Bach) utilize very similar opening rhythms for their fugue subjects (two 16th notes followed by 3 eighth notes, twice in a row). For example, Shostakovich begins his C major prelude, the first piece in the cycle, with exactly the same notes that Bach uses in his own C major prelude, BWV 846, which likewise begins The Well-Tempered Clavier. References to and quotations from Bach's cycle appear throughout the work. Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier, an earlier set of 48 preludes and fugues, are widely held to be the direct inspiration for Shostakovich's cycle, largely based on the work's composition history. Relationship to Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier 28, and Shostakovich's own earlier 24 Preludes, Op. 1 and 2), then to one sharp (G major, E minor), two sharps (D major, B minor), and so on, ending with D minor (1 flat). The pieces proceed in relative major/minor pairs around the circle of fifths: first C major and A minor (prelude and fugue nos. 13 in F ♯ major is in five voices, while Fugue No. It is one of several examples of music written in all major and/or minor keys.įorm and structure The circle of fifthsĮach piece is in two parts-a prelude and fugue-varying in pace, length and complexity (for example, Fugue No. A complete performance takes approximately 2 hours and 32 minutes. The cycle was composed in 19 while Shostakovich was in Moscow, and premiered by pianist Tatiana Nikolayeva in Leningrad in December 1952 it was published the same year.
87 by Dmitri Shostakovich are a set of 24 musical pieces for solo piano, one in each of the major and minor keys of the chromatic scale. 2 hours and 32 minutes (complete performance)
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